邱卓雅, 张兰兰, 胡邦琦, 常虎, 程夏雯, 向荣. 菲律宾海及其邻近海域表层沉积物中放射虫的分布对不同区域环境的响应[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2021, 41(1): 87-101. DOI: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2020092903
引用本文: 邱卓雅, 张兰兰, 胡邦琦, 常虎, 程夏雯, 向荣. 菲律宾海及其邻近海域表层沉积物中放射虫的分布对不同区域环境的响应[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2021, 41(1): 87-101. DOI: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2020092903
QIU Zhuoya, ZHANG Lanlan, HU Bangqi, CHANG Hu, CHENG Xiawen, XIANG Rong. Radiolarian distribution in surface sediments of the Philippine Sea and adjacent areas and its response to environment[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2021, 41(1): 87-101. DOI: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2020092903
Citation: QIU Zhuoya, ZHANG Lanlan, HU Bangqi, CHANG Hu, CHENG Xiawen, XIANG Rong. Radiolarian distribution in surface sediments of the Philippine Sea and adjacent areas and its response to environment[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2021, 41(1): 87-101. DOI: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2020092903

菲律宾海及其邻近海域表层沉积物中放射虫的分布对不同区域环境的响应

Radiolarian distribution in surface sediments of the Philippine Sea and adjacent areas and its response to environment

  • 摘要: 为了解菲律宾海放射虫的区域分布特色,利用同样的样品处理方法,对菲律宾海及其邻近海域的44个表层沉积样中的放射虫进行对比分析,鉴定统计了500个属种,物种多样性较高。菲律宾海表层沉积物中放射虫的群落结构和丰度变化幅度较大,反映了菲律宾海更为复杂的区域生态环境或沉积环境;南海北部放射虫丰度非常高且罩笼虫目占据较大优势,表明南海北部区域营养盐和生物生产力较高;冲绳海槽放射虫丰度相对较低且泡沫虫目占据绝对优势,推测冲绳海槽的海底沉积环境可能不利于放射虫壳体的埋藏富集。RDA分析结果显示暖水种在冲绳海槽的分布与夏季125 m温度呈明显的正相关,可能与夏季黑潮次表层水的影响有关;在南海北部,暖水种的分布主要受冬季75 m硅酸盐和夏季200 m磷酸盐的影响控制,说明高浓度的硅酸盐可能更加有利于罩笼虫目的发育繁殖;菲律宾海主要是次表层水的环境因子影响着放射虫暖水种的分布,比如75 m冬季盐度、200 m年均溶解氧含量和125 m夏季温度。此外,菲律宾海中深层水(1000~3000 m)不同层深66个环境变量和生活于该水体中的5个冷水种的RDA分析结果,显示菲律宾海北部区域主要与1000 m硅酸盐浓度呈显著正相关,可能与富含硅酸盐的北太平洋中深层水南下进入菲律宾有关;而在菲律宾海中南部的分布则主要与1000 m硅酸盐浓度呈显著负相关,与2 000 m溶解氧和2200 m磷酸盐和硝酸盐呈明显正相关,可能与具有高溶解氧低硅酸盐性质的绕极深层水由南端进入菲律宾海后,一部分水体向上进入菲律宾海中层水有关。

     

    Abstract: In order to understand the distribution pattern of radiolarians in the Philippine Sea, this article, based on a unified method for sample processing and analysis, made analysis and comparison of radiolarians for 44 surface sediment samples taking from the Philippine Sea and its adjacent regions. A total of 500 radiolarians species are identified, suggesting a very high species diversity. The community structure and abundance of radiolarians in the surface sediments of the Philippine Sea vary greatly, suggesting complex regional ecological or sedimentary environments. The abundance of radiolarians dominated by Nassellaria is also very high in the northern South China Sea, indicating that the northern South China Sea is rich in nutrients and high in biological productivity. However, the radiolarian abundance, dominated by Spumellaria, is relatively low in the Okinawa Trough. It is speculated that the submarine environment of the Okinawa Trough is not so conducive to the accumulation and preservation of radiolarian shells. 8 warm water species group living in the euphotic layer and 162 environmental variables at different depths of the 0~200 m water layers are selected for RDA analysis. The results show that the distribution of these warm water species in the Okinawa Trough is significantly positively correlated with the summer temperature in 125 m of water depth, probably owing to the influence of the summer Kuroshio subsurface water. The distribution of warm water species in the northern South China Sea is mainly affected by winter silicate of 75 m and summer phosphate of 200 m. It means that high-concentration silicate is more conducive to the production of Nassellaria. In the Philippine Sea, however, environmental factors mainly in the subsurface water affect the distribution of warm water species, such as winter salinity of 75 m, 200 m annual dissolved oxygen content and summer temperature of 125 m. In addition, the RDA analysis results of 66 environmental variables at different depths of the medium-deep water (1000~3000 m) of the Philippine Sea and 5 cold water species living in this layer show that the northern Philippine Sea is mainly positively correlated with the silicate concentration of 1000 m. This may be related to the fact that the silicate-rich intermediate-deep water mass of the North Pacific moving southward into the Philippine Sea. The distribution in the central and southern part of the Philippine Sea is mainly negatively correlated with the concentration of silicate at 1000 m, and is significantly positively correlated with dissolved oxygen at 2000 m. It may be related to the Circumpolar Deep Water with high dissolved oxygen content and low silicate entering from the southern end of the Philippine Sea, and part of the water upwardly enter the intermediate layer of the Philippine Sea.

     

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