Gas hydrate accumulation models of Makran accretionary wedge, northern Indian Ocean

GONG Jianming; LIAO Jing; YIN Weihan; ZHANG Li; HE Yongjun; SUN Zhilei; YANG Chuansheng; WANG Jianqiang; HUANG Wei; MENG Ming; CHENG Haiyan

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2018.02.015

Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology > 2018 > 38(2): 148-155. > DOI: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2018.02.015

GONG Jianming, LIAO Jing, YIN Weihan, ZHANG Li, HE Yongjun, SUN Zhilei, YANG Chuansheng, WANG Jianqiang, HUANG Wei, MENG Ming, CHENG Haiyan. Gas hydrate accumulation models of Makran accretionary wedge, northern Indian Ocean[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2018, 38(2): 148-155. DOI: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2018.02.015

Citation:

PDF (7109 KB)

Gas hydrate accumulation models of Makran accretionary wedge, northern Indian Ocean

GONG Jianming^1,2,3,,
LIAO Jing^1,2,3, ,,
YIN Weihan⁴,
ZHANG Li⁵,
HE Yongjun^1,2,3,
SUN Zhilei^1,2,3,
YANG Chuansheng^1,2,3,
WANG Jianqiang^1,2,3,
HUANG Wei^1,2,3,
MENG Ming^2,3,6,
CHENG Haiyan⁷

1.
Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, China
2.
Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate, Ministry of Land and Resources, Qingdao 266071, China
4.
North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, SOA, Qingdao 266033, China
5.
Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510760, China
6.
China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
7.
Qingdao Geological Exploration Institute of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Qingdao 266061, China

More Information

Received Date: August 09, 2016
Revised Date: December 27, 2016

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

The Makran accretionary wedge, located in the northern Indian Ocean, is resulted from the subduction of the Arabian plate under the Eurasian plate at a low dip angle. In the northern part of the accretionary wedge, sedimentation rate is high and sediments are thick, while in the southern part, thrust faults and tight anticlines dominate. The tectonics is characterized by extension in north and compression in south. In vertical direction, however, faulting activities are strong in the deep and weak in the shallow part. It is a complicated active continental margin characterized by an ultralow angle subduction plate in the world and thus has good conditions for hydrate accumulation. So far, different types of hydrate accumulations have been found. The hydrate accumulation of multi-stepped accretionary wedges mainly occur in the Lower-Slope and Deformation Front under the control of imbricate thrust faults, while the hydrate accumulation of mud diapirs and mud volcanoes types mainly occur in the Mid-Slope and Upper-Slope, which are jointly controlled by sediment thickness and the tectonic tension in the north. Vertically, the hydrate accumulations are characterized by so called "Double floor structure". It means that deep accumulations are mainly controlled by thrust faults, while shallow ones are mainly under the control of normal faults. The above-mentioned hydrate accumulation models may owe their origin to the low angle subduction of the Arabian Plate towards the Eurasian Plate.
- double floor structure,
- hydrate accumulation models,
- gas hydrate,
- Makran accretionary wedge,
- northern Indian Ocean

FullText(HTML)

References (28)

References

[1]	王健, 邱文弦, 赵俐红.天然气水合物发育的构造背景分析[J].地质科技情报, 2010, 29(2): 100-106. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7849.2010.02.018 WANG Jian, QIU Wenxian, ZHAO Lihong. Tectonic settings analysis of gas hydrate deposits development[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2010, 29(2): 100-106. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7849.2010.02.018
[2]	张光学, 祝有海, 梁金强, 等.构造控制型天然气水合物矿藏及其特征[J].现代地质, 2006, 20(4): 605-612. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8527.2006.04.012 ZHANG Guangxue, ZHU Youhai, LIANG Jinqiang, et al. Tectonic controls on gas hydrate deposits and their characteristics[J]. Geoscience, 2006, 20(4): 605-612. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8527.2006.04.012
[3]	张光学, 祝有海, 徐华宁.非活动大陆边缘的天然气水合物及其成藏过程述评[J].地质论评, 2003, 49(2): 181-186. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0371-5736.2003.02.010 ZHANG Guangxue, ZHU Youhai, XU Huaning. Gas hydrate on the passive continental margin and its pool-formation process[J]. Geological Review, 2003, 49(2): 181-186. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0371-5736.2003.02.010
[4]	Grando G, McClay K. Morphotectonics domains and structural styles in the Makran accretionary prism, offshore Iran[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2007, 196(1-4): 157-179. doi: 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2006.05.030
[5]	Kopp C, Fruehn J, Flueh E R, et al. Structure of the Makran subduction zone from wide-angle and reflection seismic data[J]. Tectonophysics, 2000, 329(1-4): 171-191. doi: 10.1016/S0040-1951(00)00195-5
[6]	White R S, Louden K E. The Makran continental margin: structure of a thickly sedimented convergent plate boundary[M]//Watkins J S, Drake C L. Studies in Continental Margin Geology. Tulsa, Okla: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1983: 499-518.
[7]	Flueh E R, Kukowski N, Reichert C. RV sonne, cruise report SO123 'MAMUT' (Makran Murray Traverse)[R]. GEOMAR Report. 1997, 62: 291.
[8]	Kukowski N, Schillhorn T, Huhn K, et al. Morphotectonics and mechanics of the central Makran accretionary wedge off Pakistan[J]. Marine Geology, 2001, 173(1-4): 1-19. doi: 10.1016/S0025-3227(00)00167-5
[9]	Ellouz-Zimmermann N, Lallemant S J, Castilla R, et al. Offshore frontal part of the Makran accretionary prism: The Chamak Survey (Pakistan)[M]//Lacombe O, Roure F, Lavé J, et al. Thrust Belts and Foreland Basins. Berlin: Springer, 2007: 351-366.
[10]	Hussain A, Khan M R, Ahmad N, et al. Mud-diapirism induced structuration and implications for the definition and mapping of hydrocarbon traps in Makran accretionary prism, Pakistan[C]//AAPG/SEG International Conference & Exhibition, Melbourne. Melbourne, Australia: SEG, 2015: 13-16.
[11]	Smith G L. The structure, fluid distribution and earthquake potential of the Makran subduction zone, Pakistan[D]. Southampton, Great Britain: University of Southampton, 2013.
[12]	Smith G, McNeill L, Henstock T J, et al. The structure and fault activity of the Makran accretionary prism[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2012, 117(B7): B07407. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=10.1029/2012JB009312
[13]	Ding F, Spiess V, Fekete N, et al. Interaction between accretionary thrust faulting and slope sedimentation at the frontal Makran accretionary prism and its implications for hydrocarbon fluid seepage[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2010, 115(B8): B08106. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=10.1029/2008JB006246
[14]	Shoar B H, Javaherian A, Farajkhah N K, et al. Reflectivity template, a quantitative intercept-gradient AVO analysis to study gas hydrate resources-a case study of Iranian deep sea sediments[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2014, 51: 184-196. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.12.007
[15]	Bohrmann G, Bahr A, Brinkmann F, et al. Cold seeps of the Makran subduction zone (Continental Margin of Pakistan): R/V meteor cruise report M74/3: M74, Leg3, Fujairah-Male[R]. Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, Universitat Bremen, 2008.
[16]	Von Rad U, Berner U, Delisle G, et al. Gas and fluid venting at the Makran accretionary wedge off Pakistan[J]. Geo-Marine Letters, 2000, 20(1): 10-19. doi: 10.1007/s003670000033
[17]	龚建明, 廖晶, 孙晶, 等.巴基斯坦马克兰增生楔天然气水合物的主控因素[J].海洋地质前沿, 2016, 32(12): 10-15. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/hydzdt201612002 GONG Jianming, LIAO Jing, SUN Jing, et al. Factors controlling gas hydrate accumulation in Makran accretionary wedge off Pakistan[J]. Marine Geology Frontiers, 2016, 32(12): 10-15. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/hydzdt201612002
[18]	Baba K, Yamada Y. BSRs and associated reflections as an indicator of gas hydrate and free gas accumulation: An example of accretionary prism and forearc basin system along the Nankai trough, off central Japan[J]. Resource Geology, 2004, 54(1): 11-24. doi: 10.1111-j.1751-3928.2004.tb00183.x/
[19]	Römer M, Sahling H, Pape T, et al. Quantification of gas bubble emissions from submarine hydrocarbon seeps at the Makran continental margin (offshore Pakistan)[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2012, 117(C10): C10015. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=10.1029/2011JC007424
[20]	Römer M, Sahling H, Spieβ V, et al. The role of gas bubble emissions at deep-water cold seep systems: An example from the Makran continental margin, offshore Pakistan[C]//Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2011). Edinburgh, Scotland, 2011: 17-21.
[21]	Smith G L, McNeill L C, Henstock T J, et al. Fluid generation and distribution in the highest sediment input accretionary margin, the Makran[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2014, 403: 131-143. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.06.030
[22]	Milkov A V. Worldwide distribution of submarine mud volcanoes and associated gas hydrates[J]. Marine Geology, 2000, 167(1-2): 29-42. doi: 10.1016/S0025-3227(00)00022-0
[23]	Milkov A V, Sassen R. Economic geology of offshore gas hydrate accumulations and provinces[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2002, 19(1): 1-11. doi: 10.1016/S0264-8172(01)00047-2
[24]	沙志彬, 王宏斌, 张光学, 等.底辟构造与天然气水合物的成矿关系[J].地学前缘, 2005, 12(3): 283-288. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2005.03.032 SHA Zhibin, WANG Hongbin, ZHANG Guangxue, et al. The relationships between diapir structure and gas hydrate mineralization[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2005, 12(3): 283-288. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2005.03.032
[25]	Schlüter H U, Prexl A, Gaedicke C, et al. The Makran accretionary wedge: sediment thicknesses and ages and the origin of mud volcanoes[J]. Marine Geology, 2002, 185(3-4): 219-232. doi: 10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00192-5
[26]	Wiedicke M, Neben S, Spiess V. Mud volcanoes at the front of the Makran accretionary complex, Pakistan[J]. Marine Geology, 2001, 172(1-2): 57-73. doi: 10.1016/S0025-3227(00)00127-4
[27]	Delisle G. The mud volcanoes of Pakistan[J]. Environmental Geology, 2004, 46(8): 1024-1029. doi: 10.1007/s00254-004-1089-x
[28]	Ellouz-Zimmermann N, Lallemant S J, Castilla R, et al. Offshore frontal part of the Makran accretionary prism: the Chamak survey (Pakistan)[M]//Lacombe O, Roure F, Lavé J, et al. Thrust Belts and Foreland Basins. Berlin: Springer, 2017: 349-364.