西太平洋海山富钴结壳分子化石和超微化石记录:年代划分和古生态环境演变

赵军; 张海生; 于培松; 武光海; 卢冰; Pulyaeva I A

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1140.2014.02095

西太平洋海山富钴结壳分子化石和超微化石记录:年代划分和古生态环境演变

1. 国家海洋局海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室, 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 杭州 310012;
2. State Scientific Centre Yuzhmorgeologia, Gelendzhik 353461, Russia

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(41076072、40676061、40676025)

详细信息

作者简介:
赵军(1982-),男,博士,助理研究员,主要从事海洋有机地球化学研究,E-mail:jzhao@sio.org.cn

中图分类号: P736.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-02-22
- 修回日期: 2013-06-07

MOLECULAR FOSSIL AND NANNOFOSSIL RECORDS IN A Co-RICH CRUST OF WEST PACIFIC SEAMOUNTS: IMPLICATION FOR STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION AND PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOENVIRONMENT

1. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012;
2. State Scientific Centre Yuzhmorgeologia, Gelendzhik 353461, Russia

摘要

摘要: 分析了西太平洋海山CM1D03富钴结壳中超微化石生物地层学记录,结合钙质微浮游生物印痕,对结壳进行了地质年代的划分,其年代为晚古新世-早始新世(54~51 Ma)、中始新世(45~40 Ma)、中新世-上新世(22~2.4 Ma)、上新世-更新世(3.6~1.2 Ma)。利用气相色谱、气相色谱-质谱联用检测了结壳中的正构烷烃、类异戊二烯、甾烷等分子化石,探讨结壳生长过程中的生源构成、沉积环境以及古生态演替特征。结果表明,结壳中氯仿沥青"A"/有机碳(TOC)比值为10.51%~21.74%,具有明显的烃类运移特征。正构烷烃的轻/重烃比值(ΣC₂₃^-/ΣC⁺₂₄)为0.74~1.47,碳优势指数(CPI)为0.80~1.45,碳稳定同位素(δ¹³C)为-24.00‰~-25.48‰,指示有机质主要来源于海洋表层水体的浮游植物。研究还表明,有机质物源,C₂₇、C₂₈、C₂₉甾烷的丰度变化,TOC保存及δ¹³C等均与结壳生长所处海洋环境、全球气候和南极底流的结构变化有关。
- 富钴结壳 /
- 超微化石 /
- 分子化石 /
- 古生态环境演化 /
- 西太平洋海山
Abstract: Calcareous nannofossils in CM1D03 Co-rich crust of west Pacific Seamounts were analyzed to esimate the stratigraphic ages. The results showed that the lower layer was formed in the late Paleocene-early Eocene (54~51 Ma), whereas the porous middle layer was formed in the middle Eocene (45~40 Ma) and the upper layer was in the Miocene-Pliocene (22~2.4 Ma) and the Pliocene-Pleistocene (3.6~1.2 Ma). The molecular fossils, including chloroform bitumen "A", n-alkanes, isoprenoids, steranes, in the Co-rich crust were measured using gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrum. The source composition, depositional environment and palaeoecological community succession in the Co-rich crust during its growth have been discussed by analyzing the characteristics of these fine molecules (C₂₇, C₂₈, and C₂₉ steranes) and their molecular indices (ΣC₂₃^-/ΣC₂₄⁺, CPI and Pr/Ph) with consideration of the variation in organic carbon (TOC) content and its stable isotope compositions (δ¹³C) records. The results showed that chloroform bitumen "A"/TOC ("A"/C) ratio was 10.51%~21.74%, showing significant hydrocarbon transport pattern. The ratio of ΣC₂₃^-/ΣC⁺₂₄ for n-alkanes was 0.74~1.47,the CPI was 0.80~1.45, and the value of δ¹³C was -24.00‰~-25.48‰, indicating that organic matter in the Co-rich crust mainly origined from phytoplankton. The results also indicated that the source of organic matter, C₂₇, C₂₈, and C₂₉ steranes distribution variation, TOC preservation and δ¹³C were related to changes in marine environment, global climate and Antarctic Bottom Water during the formation of Co-rich crust.
- Co-rich crust /
- molecular fossil /
- calcareous nannofossil /
- paleoecology and paleoenvironment /
- West Pacific semount

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