Abstract: Lacustrine sediments of Barkol have well recorded climate changes in the east region of northern Xinjiang since Holocene. Associated with the dating results, the authors suggested that there were about five phases of climate-environment changes in this area by measuring and analyzing grain sizes and carbon-ate contents of the sediments. (1)8 700 cal. aBP,in early Holocene,the climate was dry and cold; (2)during 8 700~8 200 cal. aBP,it was a stable transfer time,and the climate was moisture; (3)during 7 700~8 200 cal. aBP, the main character of climate was cool and moisture,fluctuated obviously; (4)during 2 400~7 700 cal. aBP, drought was the major climate character and during this period there was an obvious abrupt strong drought event; (5)since 2 400 cal. aBP,the climate has been moisture. The climate change in Barkol Lake was mainly a dry moisture model. During the period of 5 500~6 000 cal. aBP the abrupt climate event was basically in accordance with other records.