DESTRUCTION MECHANISMS OF THE NORTH CHINA CRATON: A REVIEW FROM NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS
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摘要: 华北克拉通是古老克拉通遭到破坏的一个典型例子。近几十年的地球物理、地球化学以及地质学等多学科研究都证实了华北克拉通东部自中生代以来遭受了强烈的改造和破坏, 表现出大规模的岩浆活动、构造变形以及岩石圈减薄。华北克拉通破坏的动力学过程一直以来都是地球科学领域关心的热点问题, 也存在很多争论, 而数值模拟手段也逐渐成为研究华北克拉通破坏动力学机制的重要手段之一。前人利用数值模拟手段从拆沉、热侵蚀、俯冲脱水、化学交代等不同角度开展了一系列研究工作, 为很多地球物理、地球化学以及地质学观测提供了一定的动力学模型支持, 为理解华北克拉通破坏的动力学成因机制奠定了坚实基础。但是需要指出的是, 克拉通破坏是一个非常复杂的过程, 目前的数值模型还存在很大的局限性, 要更加深入透彻地理解华北克拉通破坏的动力学成因机制, 在未来还需要从以下几个方面开展进一步深入细致的研究:(1)从二维粗略模型向三维精细模型的过渡; (2)考虑更为实际的岩石流变学特性、相变过程; (3)利用板块重建等技术为数值模型提供板块运动历史等运动学约束; (4)拆沉、热-化学侵蚀、俯冲脱水等作用相互耦合的动力学模拟。Abstract: The North China Craton (NCC) is a typical destroyed craton in China. In the past decades, a number of evidence from geophysical, geochemical and geological studies have proved that the eastern part of the NCC had been significantly destroyed or reactivated in Mesozoic and Cenozoic, indicated by extensive magmatic activities, large-scale tectonic deformation and lithospheric thinning. The dynamic process of the destruction of the NCC has been a hot issue in earth sciences and still remained in debate. Meantime, numerical simulaton has become a powerful mean to reveal the mechanism of the destruction of the NCC. Numerical simulations of NCC destruction have been carried out from the perspectives of delamination, thermal-chemical erosion, subduction dehydration and metasomatism, that have provide model support to various geophysical, geochemical or geological interpretations and helps to understand better of the mechanism of the NCC destruction. However, it has to be pointed out that the destruction of the NCC is quite complicated and the current models are mostly too simplified to sutisfy researchers because of too many limitations. To fully unsderstand the destruction mechanism and dynamic processes of the NCC, some of the following perspectives need to be taken into account: (1) turn the simulation from 2-D to 3-D models, (2) take more realistic rheologic properties of mantle rocks into accont, (3) geological constraints such as plate history be fully considered in plate reconstructions, (4) dynamic couplings of delamination, thermal-chemcial erosion and subduction dehydration be undertaken.
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Keywords:
- craton destruction /
- dynamical mechanism /
- numerical simulations /
- North China Craton
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